Study of Non-Local Chamber of Commerce: Retrospect, Review and Prospect

As one form of the Chamber of Commerce, non-local Chamber of Commerce plays an important role in social economy, and related research has made great achievements, while lacking systematic summary and comment at the same time. Based on the review of previous studies, this paper systematically reviews and comments on the results of non-local Chamber of Commerce, including its definition, foundations of its rising, the function positioning, the governance mechanism and the defects of management, recognizes the existing problems, makes up for the shortage, and puts forward suggestions for future research

Cordycepin affects growth factor-dependent gene expression

The natural compound cordycepin (3’-deoxyadenosine) causes a reduction in breast cancer cell viability. Microarray analysis showed that growth related genes are down-regulated by cordycepin. Indeed, mTOR, ERK and AMPK signalling was shown to be altered by cordycepin, but the effect was too fast to be mediated by transcriptional changes. It was hypothesised that cordycepin affected signal transduction through translation. However, polysome profiling did not identify clear candidates for the effects of cordycepin on signal transduction but unveiled that cordycepin leads to translation repression on 5’ terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) mRNAs. As TOP mRNAs are known to be regulated by mTOR signaling, this result consistently suggests mTOR signaling is inhibited by cordycepin treatment. To test if it is possible that cordycepin affects gene expression via signal transduction, we compared its effects to various signal transduction inhibitors and an activator. So far, Pictilisib, a pan-PI3K inhibitor, is the only inhibitor that mimics both the gene expression and signal transduction effects of cordycepin, indicating the PI3K-PDK1-AKT axis is affected by cordycepin. The RNAs upregulated by cordycepin were highly enriched in a group of non-coding RNAs, which are also appeared to induce during serum withdrawal. Knockdown of poly(A) polymerases induced these RNAs, indicating that they probably are degraded by the PABPN1 and poly(A) polymerase dependent nuclear RNA decay pathway. Thus the data suggest that cordycepin affects gene regulation by two distinct pathways, one affecting signal transduction and growth related mRNA expression and another affecting polyadenylation mediated decay of non-coding mRNAs

MOPRD: A multidisciplinary open peer review dataset

Open peer review is a growing trend in academic publications. Public access to peer review data can benefit both the academic and publishing communities. It also serves as a great support to studies on review comment generation and further to the realization of automated scholarly paper review. However, most of the existing peer review datasets do not provide data that cover the whole peer review process. Apart from this, their data are not diversified enough as they are mainly collected from the field of computer science. These two drawbacks of the currently available peer review datasets need to be addressed to unlock more opportunities for related studies. In response to this problem, we construct MOPRD, a multidisciplinary open peer review dataset. This dataset consists of paper metadata, multiple version manuscripts, review comments, meta-reviews, author's rebuttal letters, and editorial decisions. Moreover, we design a modular guided review comment generation method based on MOPRD. Experiments show that our method delivers better performance indicated by both automatic metrics and human evaluation. We also explore other potential applications of MOPRD, including meta-review generation, editorial decision prediction, author rebuttal generation, and scientometric analysis. MOPRD is a strong endorsement for further studies in peer review-related research and other applications

Automated scholarly paper review: Technologies and challenges

Peer review is a widely accepted mechanism for research evaluation, playing a pivotal role in scholarly publishing. However, criticisms have long been leveled on this mechanism, mostly because of its inefficiency and subjectivity. Recent years have seen the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in assisting the peer review process. Nonetheless, with the involvement of humans, such limitations remain inevitable. In this review paper, we propose the concept and pipeline of automated scholarly paper review (ASPR) and review the relevant literature and technologies of achieving a full-scale computerized review process. On the basis of the review and discussion, we conclude that there is already corresponding research and implementation at each stage of ASPR. We further look into the challenges in ASPR with the existing technologies. The major difficulties lie in imperfect document parsing and representation, inadequate data, defective human-computer interaction and flawed deep logical reasoning. Moreover, we discuss the possible moral & ethical issues and point out the future directions of ASPR. In the foreseeable future, ASPR and peer review will coexist in a reinforcing manner before ASPR is able to fully undertake the reviewing workload from humans

5-[2-(4-Acetyl­oxyphen­yl)ethen­yl]benzene-1,3-diyl diacetate

The title compound, C20H18O6, was prepared from resveratrol {systematic name: 5-[(E)-2-(4-hy­droxy­phen­yl)ethen­yl]ben­z­ene-1,3-diol}, which can be isolated from grapes, through triacetyl­ation with using acetic anhydride in pyridine. The two benzene rings are approximately coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 6.64 (14)°, and the three acet­oxy group are located on the same side of the plane. The skeleton of the compound resembles a table with three legs. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via C—H⋯O interactions, forming inversion dimers. These dimers are further linked via C—H⋯O interactions, forming a three-dimensional structure

High Body Mass Index Is Associated with an Increased Risk of the Onset and Severity of Ossification of Spinal Ligaments

BackgroundOssification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and that of ligamentum flavum (OLF) are the main types of the ossification of spinal ligaments (OSL) that cause the thoracic myelopathy. Although several studies have investigated the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with the onset or severity of OSL, it remains unverified due to the contradictory results of existing evidence. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in this work to determine the relationship of BMI with the onset and severity of OSL.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched online for relevant studies focusing on the relationship of BMI with the onset or severity of the OSL. The difference in BMI of OSL (or severe OSL group) and non-OSL (or nonsevere OSL group) groups was evaluated using the mean difference (MD) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsFifteen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The BMI of the OSL group was significantly higher than that of the non-OSL group (MD = 1.70 kg/m2, 95% CI = 1.02–2.39 kg/m2, and P < 0.01). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analysis of female (P < 0.01), OPLL (P < 0.01), and OLF (P < 0.01) populations. Three studies reported a significant association of BMI with the ossification index of OSL and the standardized regression coefficient ranging from 0.11 to 0.43 (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significantly higher BMI was observed in the severe OSL group compared with that in the nonsevere OSL group (MD = 3.09, 95% CI, 0.22–5.97 kg/m2, and P = 0.04).ConclusionThe significant association of high BMI with the onset and severity of OSL may provide new evidence and insights into the mechanism research and management of OSL

Cyclic Deformation Behavior of Additive-Manufactured IN738LC Superalloys from Virgin and Reused Powders

In laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), most powders are not melted in the chamber and collected after the printing process. Powder reuse is appreciable without sacrificing the mechanical properties of target components. To understand the influences of powder reuse on mechanical performance, a nickel-based superalloy, IN738LC, was investigated. Powder morphology, microstructure and chemical compositions of virgin and reused powders were characterized. An increase in oxygen content, generally metallic oxides, was located on the surface of powders. Monotonic tensile and cyclic fatigue were tested. Negligible deterioration in strength and tensile ductility were found, while scattered fatigue performance with regard to fatigue life was shown. Deformation and fatigue crack propagation mechanisms were discussed for describing the powder degradation effects

DDI-CPI, a server that predicts drug–drug interactions through implementing the chemical–protein interactome

Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) may cause serious side-effects that draw great attention from both academia and industry. Since some DDIs are mediated by unexpected drug–human protein interactions, it is reasonable to analyze the chemical–protein interactome (CPI) profiles of the drugs to predict their DDIs. Here we introduce the DDI-CPI server, which can make real-time DDI predictions based only on molecular structure. When the user submits a molecule, the server will dock user's molecule across 611 human proteins, generating a CPI profile that can be used as a feature vector for the pre-constructed prediction model. It can suggest potential DDIs between the user's molecule and our library of 2515 drug molecules. In cross-validation and independent validation, the server achieved an AUC greater than 0.85. Additionally, by investigating the CPI profiles of predicted DDI, users can explore the PK/PD proteins that might be involved in a particular DDI. A 3D visualization of the drug-protein interaction will be provided as well. The DDI-CPI is freely accessible at http://cpi.bio-x.cn/ddi/